A New Begining Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

A New Begining - Research Paper Example A gathering of 10 is a decent estimated gathering and will have the option to be overseen inside a short measure of time. We will have the underlying screening through specialists, yet we will likewise give a short poll to any individual who is keen on the gathering. The survey will get some information about their demeanor towards weight reduction, what they have attempted previously, how regularly they have attempted to shed pounds, and what results they had before. The survey will likewise pose screening inquiries that will relate to whether an individual has issues with dietary issues. With the goal for somebody to be fruitful in weight reduction, they should make an assortment of changes with their dietary patterns as well as with their psychological thoughts regarding food. So as to get more fit, they may need to experience a total change in their way of life. This is one of the motivation behind why it will be critical to characterize those individuals who really have an outlo ok that will advance their pushing ahead. Every individual in the gathering will likewise need to experience one individual treatment meeting with one of the gathering individuals. This will make a mental profile for every individual so we comprehend what we are managing when individuals come into the gathering. As indicated by Berg, Landreth and Fall (2006) we should screen members with the goal that the individuals from the gathering have comparative objectives and requirements for weight reduction, and they would be individuals who might not postpone the gathering. When pondering this measures, we would need to ensure that the individuals from the gathering were intellectually solid (they don't have mental scatters that would postpone the gathering), and who were at a comparative degree of expecting to free weight. At the end of the day, we might want to have individuals in the gathering who are not kidding about weight reduction and who will do what is required. A portion of thi s would be done in the prescreening which would incorporate a meeting with every person who was keen on the gathering, the survey, and a discussion with their primary care physician (with a composed authorization from the individual needing to join the gathering). Since Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) should be brief treatment, we will restrain the gathering to 12 meetings of 45 minutes each and we will meet at the treatment community. Reason for CBT has been utilized to help numerous individuals in halting smoking, getting some distance from liquor and medications, just as halting numerous state of mind issue. Utilizing CBT for weight reduction is moderately new, as per St. Clair (n.d.). Getting in shape includes a physical change, however people should likewise change their reasoning. CBT can assist them with settling on new choices about the manner in which they look, about weight reduction when all is said in done and they figure out how to think meager (St. Clair, n.d.). Arhar t-Treichel (2007) provides details regarding an investigation done by the Beck Institute for Cognitive Therapy and Research in which ten ladies were a piece of a weight reduction gathering. The consequences of the investigation demonstrated that the ladies lost a pound a month to a pound a week and had the option to keep it off. A Swedish randomized clinical preliminary done in 2005 contemplated 62 large individuals who lost a normal of 17 pounds after the 10 weeks program and another five pounds by the subsequent date year and a half later (Arhart-Treichel, 2007). Obviously, CBT is gradually indicating a viable way

Markteing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Markteing - Essay Example For the reason, it is basic that the organization picked has different after-deals rehearses like that of guarantees and post-deal administration among others. The reasons why Nike is one of the most favored brands all through the different client fragments all over the globe can be subverted underneath. To sum things up, it tends to be said that the gathering has truly utilized the different persuasive hypotheses to shape itself a solid brand of inclination. The gathering has effectively served all the classes that impacts shopper purchasing choice procedure as follows: Individual †The different elements that incorporate with in the domain of the individual variables resemble that old enough, sex, race and so on. Nike has effectively provided food every one of these focuses. It has its items for both the sexual orientations and nearly for all the age bunches that are related with different games. Mental †The mental factor of the customer conduct has many sub-factors remembered for it like intentions, recognition, information and capacity, character and perspectives. It very well may be alluded absent a lot of uncertainty that Nike has truly met and surpassed all the mental variables. With broad innovative work in its different items, it has picked up the necessary information and capacity and adjusted itself to the inspiration of the competitors of performing better. Today, Nike has been a name in way of life thus has the necessary positive recognition from the clients all through the world. Social †The purchasers and the planned clients are frequently impacted by different outside variables which can be clubbed together under the social components. It incorporates the feeling heads, impacts and pretended by families, culture and sub-culture, social class and the reference gatherings. In the cutting edge universe of huge rivalry, the onus lies on the corporate to use these social factors in the most ideal manner it can in support of its. What's more, Nike has truly done it honorably. The way that the organization

The Tale of Captain Bookbeard an Account of Book Piracy free essay sample

The Tale of Captain BookBeard: A record of Book Piracy A bibliophilic walk around the boulevards and paths of Kolkata will undoubtedly get over the calls of Captain BookBeard originating from the Sea of Poppies1, The Sea of Monsters2 and The Ship of Stars3, and as one begins to ponder about the whereabouts of this ever present, as nearly in each pavementbookstalls, yet subtle privateer master, a story begins to rise as the tip of a covert ice sheet which stays in the core of the universe of letters. Book robbery, a nearly obscure and unfelt type of financial malignant growth, is the basic sickness of each country. Be that as it may, its impact is obvious for the most part in the creating ones, where the absence of appropriate execution of law, tremendous disparityridden economy, ascend in proficiency rate and the developing cosmopolitan abstract taste makes an ideal biome for the broadsides of privateer boats to annihilate the distributing houses and book retailers selling un-pilfered duplicates. No option to duplicate! Developments require motivating forces this is the essential thought behind the possibility of ‘copyright’ that shields a writer’s work from being replicated, printed and dispersed without his/her earlier consent, through lawful assent. Book theft goes under the more extensive range of ‘copyright infringement’ which incorporates such innovative fields like melodies, films, programming, and so on. However, it had existed from the finish of the fifteenth century, while contending printers began to utilize uncalled for rehearses, so far before anything even near a copyright law has been embraced anyplace. England was the principal country to lawfully assign the issue of securing the directly over one’s own inventiveness, and in 1709 through the Statute of Anne (upheld on the following year) in Great Britain, the creators got some assurance as far creation of reprints of their works was concerned and through the steady advancement in the progressive years like Engravers Act of 1735 and Copyright 1 2 Fiction/novel by Amitabh Ghosh Fiction/novel by Rick Riordan 3 Fiction/novel y Arthur Thomas Quiller-Couch 2 Act of 1842 to give some examples, in 1911 came the Imperial Copyright Act that turned out to be fairly the benchmark of copyright laws everywhere throughout the world and soon different countries stuck to this same pattern. It’ll be basic to take note of that copyright based enterprises helps both the monetary and innovative fronts of any general public. The Indian situation Print industry in India is one of the most settled and most established media shapes in the nat ion. It is over exceptionally old and is one of the main two developing print businesses in the entire world other than the USA4 with close around 19,000 distributers distributing 90,000 titles for every year that, as indicated by estimation of Shakti Malli, leader of the Federation of Indian Publishers, is presently â€Å"worth Rs. 80 billion and it is developing by more than 15 percent consistently. †5 What was at one time a Rs. 330 crore send out industry in 1991 has bloomed into Rs. 4. 6 billion worldwide power post globalization of Indian economy and industry. Both the post-provincial status and the globalization of training, observation and media, factors behind 45 percent of titles being distributed in India to be in English, setting the nation behind just the U. S. also, the U. K. as the third biggest distributer of English books on the planet. What's more, this incorporates magazines, papers and reading material, yet fiction as well (however its rate is lower when contrasted with different kinds) that incorporates exposition and verse of outside and Indian scholars (both incorporates deciphered works as well) going from works of art to contemporary blockbusters. Hence this fulfillment of Indian distributing industry, taking a somewhat unexpected tone, demonstrates to be an agonizing spot for copyright encroachment, extending from minor infringement to bare robbery. 1847 saw the British Governor-General Sir Henry Hardinge giving the first copyright law in Quite a while that was supplanted by the 1911’s Imperial Copyright Act which at long last got changed and formed into free India’s first copyright act, the Act of 1957 (became effective on 1958) which thus, through numerous revisions, came about into the current day laws being 4 â€Å"Business Profile of Print Industry†, by MICA, Ahmedabad (Sep 2009), www. echno-preneur. net/data work area/sciencetech-magazine/2009/september09/print. pdf (got to on 25/10/11) 5 â€Å"India’s Book Publishing Industry Booming†, Boulevard India blog chronicle, boulevardindia. com/2006/09/28/indias-book-distributing industry-blasting/(got to on 25/10/11) 3 upheld. In India, copy right on an artistic work is accommodated the lifetime of the creator in addition to sixty years. Despite the fact that this has been changed upon extraordinary government decisions, as on account of Rabindranath Tagore, the standard is to be carefully kept up by the distributing houses until any work comes into the open space. The Buccaneers’ efficient the scandalous cut-throats of the old, the new age marauders attack the quiet oceans of distributing industry by causing lost around 25 percent of their all out business in India that in the fiction-classification alone is around 400 crores! R. Gopalan, the Director of Indian Institute of Publishing, Chennai says â€Å"Asian and Latin American nations, as indicated by universal book distributers, are where book robbery has expected disturbing measurements. The interAmerican Publishers Group assesses that all inclusive around 50 billion book pages are wrongfully reproduced each year! †6 Their boats wander numerous path and by-paths of the entirety of the major and minor metros of the country and even in the area of web however the new-age malevolence of eBookpiracy. The team of BookBeard are the individuals who are neither the lawful copyright holders, nor anybody approved by them, yet at the same time continues with the printing, official and conveyance of abstract works that burglarizes the distributer of real cash and the essayist of his inventive due and the cash from eminence. The last case turns out to be significantly progressively scathing when once in a while pilfered books either convey no name of its actual writer, or convey a phony name alongside a phony title, either just to make it harder to distinguish according to the watchful position or Lord knows why! A peep into the asphalt bookstalls of Gariahat in Kolkata, to the surprise of the spectator, found a release of White Tiger7 with no notice of its author’s name and even a misleading book named Chatalogues of Detection, again with no author’s name referenced, which turned out truly to be a duplicate of Rushdie’s Luka and the Fire of Life after being flipped through the pages! Gopalan, R. â€Å"The most despicable aspect of book piracy† The Hindu, Jun 01, 2003 http://www. hindu. com/thehindu/lr/2003/06/01/stories/2003060100490700. htm (got to on 26/10/11) 7 Fiction/novel by Arvind Adiga 4 In India, government is the biggest distributer with the NCERT, distinctive state board’s distributers, NBT, and so on taken together8, both as far as titles distributed and number of duplicates being distributed and furthermore in the estimation of creation. Government distribution is connected for the most part to instructive course books. In any case, it essentially can't meet the immense ascent sought after inferable from populace blast and ascend in education rate and this eventually brings about the deficiency of reading material consistently; added to this comes the corrupt act of book-dealers who purposely crowd numerous duplicates, later to be dark showcased in more significant expense than that’s printed, consequently further broadening the bay among request and gracefully. Here comes the privateer man-of-wars to fill that bay by creating modest yet unapproved versions that hampers the administration distributing houses as well as, as an inquisitive shock, in some cases prompts the checking of the dark advertisers. Or maybe an un-valorous duel among burglars and privateers! In Kolkata, the storing of NCERT reading material has gotten the full brunt of BookBeard’s sixteen-pounders by the ascent in sell of pilfered NCERT versions in College Street, RajpurSonarpur, and so forth. In any case, the nature of these pilfered duplicates, similarly as with other pilfered fills in too, is for the most part of extremely low quality, and the understudies need to endure with them by virtue of government’s inability to deliver enough number of duplicates and furthermore in directing the expansion of debasement in book-exchange. On 29th April 2008 the Kolkata Police attacked a distribution center at Amherst Street in north Kolkata and found more than 4,500 pilfered English and Environment Science course books of Classes V-X initially gave by the West Bengal Board of Secondary Education and captured a man, yet neglected to capture any of the bosses, nor did they uncover the total racket that maintained the entire business. 9 Piracy in books has four fundamental various structures: I) discount reproducing of exchange course readings, ii) unapproved interpretations, iii) business copying of books and diaries and iv) circulation of free eBooks. And keeping in mind that the initial two are hard to follow attributable to their surreptitious business as usual, the third one occurs so in an exposed fashion everywhere throughout the nation, fundamentally close to huge instructive establishments, and in manners extremely dispersed, that disregarding being available to the eyes of law, is pervasive because of absence of mindfulness openly and operators of law authorization the same. The 8 â€Å"Study on copyright robbery in India†, Ministry of HRD, govt. of India, instruction. nic. in/cr_piracy_study/cpr. sp (got to on 25/10/11) 9 â€Å"Raid nets store of pilfered textbooks† The Telegraph, Apr 30, 2008 http://www. telegraphindia. com/1080430/jsp/calcutta/story_9207036. jsp (got to on 26/10/11) 5 issue with the last one is in the permeable idea of web itself that makes it the most troublesome of the four to follow and forestall. Instructive foundations turn daze eyes to reprography the strategy for getting duplicates of a book through copying, occurring in their regions. Understudies of any creating nation, similar to India, can sick bear to purchase all o

Leadership Management Profile - Free Essay Example

Introduction The assignment is based on leadership and its importance for managing an organization. The assignment includes solution of various problem based on two leadership models that are Hershey Blanchard Model and Path- Goal Model. The assignment further includes a complete description of both models. Lastly, the assignment incorporates a self- reflection based on leadership. Hersey Blanchard Model Hersey Blanchard Model is a style of leadership in which the leader must decide the form of leadership by their own according to the behavior of their subordinates. As such, it tends to be said that this model gives four kind of leadership styles as per which the leader can direct its subordinates. The type of leadership style among these four styles relies on the development, certainty and maturity level of the employees of the organization (Management Study guide, 2018). Hersey Blanchard Model is also known as Situational Leadership Theory as in this approach the leadership style is taken after as indicated by the circumstances or conduct of subordinates. Hersey Blanchard Model includes following styles of leadership: Directing: The first and foremost stage of this approach is leading the subordinates by the method of directing. In the initial time of joining the association, the employees need receiving directions from there seniors or leader. Currently the employee lack knowledge about the functioning and policies of the organization(whitehead, 2016). Therefore, the main motive of any leader at this time should by directing the subordinates about the association and its working. Coaching: Coaching can be represented as a stage in which the leaders try to gain the confidence of its employees. In this style, the main purpose of the leader is to build the factor of trust among subordinates. The leader further tries to improve the capabilities of its juniors in stage. In this style of leadership, the leaders act as a coach of the subordinates and provide suggestions to them at every level (Whitehead,2016). Supporting: In this stage, the leader acts more like a support system for its subordinates. Here, the main objective of the leader is to provide support the subordinates who are more committed to their work and who are ready to take responsibilities on their shoulder with full confidence (whitehead,2016). In this stage, the leader does not provide any sort of instructions. Their work is just to provide support to their juniors. Delegating: The main aim of the whole process is delegating the power or authority in the hands of the subordinates. At this stage, the subordinates are fully confident and are now capable to handle responsibilities. Therefore, in this phase, the leader tries to delegate their authority. Path-Goal Model The theory Path-Goal Model is propounded by Robert House and Martin Evans. According to this theory of leadership, the leader or the manager is responsible for providing all the information regarding the organization to the subordinates. In other words, it can be said that according to this approach the manager is responsible of providing a clear path of success to its subordinates. Path-Goal Model also has four stages or styles of leadership. These are as follows: Supportive Leadership: This is a style of leadership in which the leader tries to maintain a bond with its subordinates. The leaders always try to maintain a connection or bond with its juniors in this type of leadership. Directive Leadership: This is a type of leadership when the manager must guide or direct the subordinates personally. Generally, this kind of leadership is adopted when the subordinates are very inexperienced or when they need proper guidance or directions from their leader. Participative Leadership: This is a type of leadership in which the leader involves the participation of the subordinate in their work. This style of leadership is adopted by the leaders when they think that their staff is quite experienced and is now capable of handling responsibilities. Achievement-Oriented Leadership: In this style of leadership, the manager or the leaders set certain goals which are to be achieved by the subordinates. By setting goals the leaders try to provide a path to their subordinates. These goals are determined to motivate the employees of the organization. Scenario 1 In this scenario, the employees have a lack of confidence in them which is hampering their performances in the organization. Therefore, the leader should adopt the style of Coaching for leading its subordinates. As in this form of leadership, the leader acts as a coach of the subordinates and guides them at each part of their work. Coaching is a leadership style that is propounded under Hersey Blanchard Model. In this style of leadership, the leader tries to build a relationship of trust among its employees.in this way, the leader tries to build confidence among the employees and provide them suggestions at every level. Therefore, for boosting Morales of employees and increase confidence in them, coaching is the best style of leadership under Hershey Blanchard Model. Scenario 2 The leadership style that will be beneficial in this case will be Achievement-oriented leadership as in this style of leading a corrective or predetermined path is provided to work in the organization. These goals or path provide motivation to the employees as they start working with more enthusiasm to achieve these goals. In this situation, an experienced employee is lacking the motivational spirit in her and hence it is affecting her work. If she will be motivated by her leaders incorrect manner than she can again come up with good results (Farhan,2018). Therefore, as per this situation, Achievement-oriented leadership style of Path-Goal Model is the most suitable one. Scenario 3 For the fulfillment of the objective of this scenario Participative Leadership should be taken into consideration. As in this leadership style, the leader invites participation or initiative from the experienced employees. In return of this participation, the employees are rewarded either in monetary or non-monetary terms. In this situation, the only complaint of the employees is that they do not receive any appraisal or reward for their contribution to the organization and with this style of leadership the leader can overcome this complaint. The participative leadership is a feature of Path-Goal Model which likewise helps in increasing the level of motivation among the employees. Under participative leadership, only those employees are rewarded who exhibits professional skills or attributes to handle responsibilities. Scenario 4 For overcoming the complaint arises in this scenario the best- suited leadership style will be Supporting Leadership under the Hersey Blanchard Model. In this style of leadership, the leader act as support system for employees. They teach and guide them at every level. Furthermore, the subordinates are motivated by leaders in this style of leadership. For motivating and increasing the level of enthusiastic employees the leader reward the employees in the form of incentives and promotions. By the medium of these rewards, the employees feel motivated and work with more enthusiasm and efficiency. While supporting the employees the leader notices their efforts and then reward them for their efforts (Ghazzawi, 2017). Scenario 5 In respect of the provided scenario Supportive Leadership should be adopted under the Path-Goal Model as under this style of leadership managers try to maintain a bond of trust and dignity with their employees in the organization. This connection or bond boost the morale of the subordinates and increases their efficiency. Furthermore, in this style of leadership, the leader likewise provide support to their subordinates at every level. They guide and motivate them at every point. This will help in changing the behavior of the employees towards the organization and towards the manager. In this way, the organization can procure back its fertility in the form of enthusiastic employees. Self-reflection on leadership and management Leadership is considered as the essence of management. Without leaders, an organization must go through an atmosphere full of confusions and chaos. Being a responsible leader of the organization, my first duty would be providing proper working environment to my subordinates. Forming a bond or connection with my team must be my priority. Leadership is a responsibility of managing the organization. A leader should always guide and motivate his team. Therefore, leader is completely responsible for the growth and success of an organization. Some of the duties which will be at my priority list after being a responsible leader would be following: Being a leader, I will always try to motivate my subordinates by rewarding them for their hard work. It is the right of every subordinate to get paid for what they have done. Therefore, for praising and motivating rewarding them in monetary and non-monetary terms is very important. Secondly, I would try to maintain an environment full of discipline and harmony. For increasing efficiency in the work an appropriate working environment is very necessary and being a leader of the organization, it is my duty to do the same. As a leader, I will always try to form a strong bond with my team or subordinates. I should always consider them as part of my organization and treat them like so. Building up trust and dignity among them is very crucial therefore after being a leader it would be my main objective to maintain a strong relationship with my employees. I will always try to behave in a polite and honest manner with my subordinates and expect the same behavior from them too. I will guide and support them at every level. Providing them a clear path of success would be my objective. Directing or guiding the new employees will also be my duty as a leader. The new employees are unaware of the functioning and policies of the organization hence guiding them in their initial time are very important. I will likewise try to motivate them for their initial times to increase efficiency in their work. Employees are main part of the organization. The functioning of any organization depends on the working of its employees. Therefore, an enthusiastic and motivated employee helps in the growth of the organization. More their motivation I will always appreciate their initiatives and praise them for their hard work. During the time of exchange information, I will also try to understand the thoughts of my team members rather than just imposing my thoughts on them. There thinking, and opinion is equally important for the implementation of any policy in the organization. Conclusion The above assignment clearly conjectures the importance of leadership in an organization. The assignment talks about the importance of leadership for employee motivation. The assignment further explains two theories that are Hersey Blanchard Model and Path-Goal Model. The above assignment provides a clear insight into leadership and its significances for an organization.

Euthanasia! First referred to by physicians in the 17th...

Euthanasia! First referred to by physicians in the 17th century as an easy, painless, happy death, during which it was the physicians’ responsibility to alleviate the physical sufferings of the body. Nowadays there are different definitions of euthanasia, varying from each countries jurisdiction. At present the law in the United Kingdom refers to euthanasia, regardless of whether it is at the patients request a criminal act and under current legislation can be treated as either murder or manslaughter, which in some cases carry a conviction of life imprisonment. In November 2013 Margo Macdonald, MSP put forward a new bill for assisted suicide in Scotland citing terminally ill people have the right to choose assisted suicide. This is†¦show more content†¦That life is a gift from God and we must respect it and as a Christian you have a duty to help people who are suffering, not kill them. With the pain killers that are available today, no person should have to suffer in their final days and palliative care can help a person die with dignity, in a way that suits the patient and their family. Christian organisations also argue that all lives are equal, should euthanasia become legal it would devalue the lives of the disabled, terminally ill and even the elderly, who in turn may feel they have a duty to choose euthanasia rather than be a burden on their families. Although a callous argument, it is said that euthanasia could be beneficial for the NHS and help keep costs low and free up hospital beds for patients on long waiting lis ts for treatment. Patients who are terminally ill and near end of life cost the NHS a lot of money, not only with pain relief but by providing staff, beds etc. The option to euthanise people in these circumstances would save money in the long term and this money could be put to good use elsewhere by the NHS, which would be the best choice from a business point of view. Who would regulate the euthanasia in the NHS? Giving this type of power to doctors could lead to unlawful killings with families and possibly even the patient having no legal right in choosing to die. A recent Dutch government investigation found someShow MoreRelatedEuthanasia Essay : Euthanasia And Euthanasia863 Words   |  4 PagesThis is why Euthanasia is important and summarizing the research that I found on Euthanasia. Euthanasia is important because there is a lot of arguments about Euthanasia. Some people support it and some people do not support Euthanasia (Euthanasia and assisted suicide- Arguments). Euthanasia allows people to be free from physical pain. It is the hastening of death of a patient to prevent further sufferings (Euthanasia Revisited). The religious argument states God chooses when human life ends. EuthanasiaRead MoreEuthanasia Essays : Euthanasia And Euthanasia1432 Words   |  6 PagesDoes euthanasia assists patients to die with dignity? From fresh to dying, is the humanity multiplies the development natural law. Along with medicine progress and life enhancement, the people besides pay attention to eugenics, simultaneous starts to pay attention to the euthanasia. Since this century 50 ages, regarding euthanasia, many countries’ medical arenas, educational world, and ethical groups have been arguing about the euthanasia argument for many years, although many person of ideas haveRead MoreThe Debate Of Euthanasia And Euthanasia1429 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION: The debate of euthanasia is an ongoing one that’s shrouded with much controversy and ambiguity regarding the ethics of it in contemporary Australian society. However, the frequency of this topic being debated by physicians, influential figures and the media has become more prominent now than ever. In particular, in association with its impending legislation within Australian states. (The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists,2012) Various types of euthanasia are recognised,Read MoreEuthanasia Essay : Euthanasia And Euthanasia Essay1223 Words   |  5 Pages Euthanasia James Dudley Euthanasia continues to be an ongoing issue in modern society. Over the course of history, there has been a multitude of debates that have tried to justify assisted suicide, or euthanasia. Gallup’s study in 2013 openly shows this statistic by showing that over 75 percent of Americans trust that euthanasia should be acceptable. However, what Americans don’t comprehend is that making any form of euthanasia legal infringes upon the right to life as stated in the constitutionRead MoreThe Issue Of Euthanasia And Euthanasia2073 Words   |  9 Pageslife is beyond toleration or they feel as though there is no point to living, the issue of euthanasia often arises. Euthanasia is technically defined as â€Å"the act or practice of killing someone who is very sick or injured in order to prevent any more suffering†. In america people have the right to end their life. The topic of euthanasia is one that is highly disputed among people over the world.† Euthanasia means killing someone who is very sick to prevent more suffering† (Weaver 1). An example ofRead MoreEuthanasi Euthanasia And Euthanasia1515 Words   |  7 Pagesetymology of the word ‘euthanasia’ originates from the Greek language which has a literal meaning of â€Å"good death†. Other names for euthanasia are ‘assisted suicide’ and ‘mercy killing’. Euthanasia is done when the person is suffering from a terminal illness such as cancer, and then steps are taken to end the person’s life so that they no longer have to suffer. [Helga Kuhse. July 1992. Bioethics News. The World Federation of Right to Die Societies. http://www.worldrtd.net/euthanasia-fact-sheet. AccessedRead MoreEuthanasia And The Death Of Euthanasia1351 Words   |  6 Pagesfor the dying who request euthanasia to be able to end their suffering. Euthanasia is con sidered a â€Å"gentle and easy death† because it comes from the Greek words, Eu meaning good and Thanatosis meaning death. Euthanasia is illegal in most of the United States. However, assisted suicide, is legal in six different states. The states that assisted suicide is legal in are California, Oregon, Colorado, Washington DC, Vermont and Washington. The key difference between euthanasia and assisted suicide is whoRead MoreEuthanasia Essay : The Euthanasia989 Words   |  4 Pagesthe euthanasia process and what to expect. The euthanasia can take place in the privacy of your own home or you may choose to have it done at your veterinarian’s office. Your veterinarian may offer at home euthanasia or you may be able to locate a veterinary service that does at home euthanasia such as Home To Heaven. This is a personal choice and should be made with you and your pet’s comfort in mind. Additionally, you may want to decide if you wish to be present during the eu thanasia. SomeRead MoreEuthanasi Euthanasia And Euthanasia861 Words   |  4 PagesEuthanasia, the practice of medically terminating life in order to relieve pain and suffering of a patient, has been a complex and controversial topic since its conception. In ancient Greece and Rome attitudes toward active euthanasia, and suicide had tended to be tolerant. However, the rise of the Christian faith reinforced the views of the Hippocratic Oath, a swearing of ethical conduct historically taken by physicians. This shift concluded a medical consensus in opposition of euthanasia. IssuesRead MoreThe Debate About Euthanasia And Euthanasia1631 Words   |  7 PagesThe debates about euthanasia date all the way back to the 12th century. During this time, Christian values increased the public’s opinion against euthanasia. The church taught its followers that euthanasia not only injured individual people and their communities, but also violated God’s authority over life. This idea spread far and wide throughout the public until the 18th century when the renaissance and reformation writers attacked the church and its teachings. However, the public did not pay much

The Financial Crisi of the French Revolution - 3441 Words

How Serious Was The Pre-Revolutionary Financial Crisis Between 1786-88, And How Significant Was The Clash Between The Notables And Calonne In Failing To Solve It? On the twentieth of august 1786 Charles Alexandre de Calonne, comptroller-general of the royal finances, informed King Louis XVI that the state was on the verge of a financial meltdown. Whilst not having exact details to the financial figures to show the full extent of the problem, it is never the less recognized that France was in serious financial difficulty. What then did Calonne propose to sort this financial mess out? How was he to convince the King and the Notables that France was in financial danger and to give backing to his solutions? This essay will†¦show more content†¦Calonne raised approximately over 420 million livres from 1783-87. Yet he could hardly go on borrowing for short term investments when clearly what was needed were long term plans to help France recover. What was then the comptroller-general to do in sorting out this dire financial situation? Especially when so many options were closed to him. Calonne himself even stated to Louis: I shall easily show that it is impossible to tax further, ruinous to be always borrowing and not enough to confine ourselves to economical reformsÂ… the only effective remedy to take, the only true means of managing finally to put the finances truly in order, must consist in revivifying the entire State by recasting all that is vicious in the constitution.2 Put simply, Calonne had come to realize that the financial problems of France were so extraordinary, that they were beyond financial problems. What Calonne proposed to do was to rework the entire state: all institutions had to be revamped in order to save France from her financial crisis. He believed that the state needed comprehensive organization Ââ€" as a result he felt it necessary to reform the economy, the government and possibly society in France. Calonne states in his document to Loius: The disparity, the disaccord, the incoherence of the different parts of the monarchy is theShow MoreRelatedWilliam Sewell Ideology And Social Revolutions Summary935 Words   |  4 PagesIn his piece, â€Å"Ideologies and Social Revolutions†, William Sewell Jr. makes an argument that the 1789 revolution in France has as much to do about ideology than anything. Sewell makes his argument by looking at two central ideologies, the corporate monarchial and the Enlightenment ideologies. These two competing ideologies were key to the reasons behind the French Revolution. Before looking into the competing ideologies in the French Revolutions, Sewell first defines what an ideology is. IdeologyRead MoreEffects Of Nationalism In The French Revolution1501 Words   |  7 Pagesfor a nation were shared a language and history†. In case of France, the nationalism force was very effective and inevitable during the French revolution 1789. It was a great historical event brought many changes in France. Before the revolution, France was controlled by Ancient regime in which common people have had not freedom and rights. The financial crisis made by Louis XVI compelled to establishment of Estates General in which heavy taxes were imposed on third estate including common peoplesRead MoreAgainst the Monarchy of the Roman Catholic Church in the French Revolution705 Words   |  3 PagesThe French Revolution was a civil revolt that broke out in France against the absolute monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church, which lasted from 1789-1799. This resulted in th e establishment of France as a republic, democratic government and caused the Roman Catholic Church’s necessity, as well as its power to be questioned. 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Sexual Harasstment Essay Sample free essay sample

AbstractionThe intent of this paper is to give information about sexual torment in the United States. I will explicate what sexual torment is. the types of sexual torment. how does the jurisprudence trade with sexual torment and how can sexual torment be prevent. I want to inform about sexual torment so that manner we can assist to halt this in our workplace and in any topographic point that we might be. Sexual HarassmentWhat is Sexual Harassment?Sexual torment is considered as a signifier of torment which includes any unwanted behavior or remark which has a negative impact on the victim on the victim’s work environment. Sexual torment. like other types of torment is considered as a signifier of favoritism. Some illustrations of this behavior include raging remarks. gags. verbal maltreatment. bullying. menaces. violative images. graffito. sketchs or expressions besides offensive electronic mail messages. Harmonizing to ( Gruber 1997 ; Gutek 1985 ) adult females and work forces may see sexual torment but adult females are more likely to be sexually harassed. Furthermore. adult females are more likely to see negative job-related effects of sexual torment such as discontinuing or losing a occupation due to unwanted sexual progresss ( Dansky and Kilpatrick 1997 ) . Types of Sexual HarassmentThere are three types of sexual torment as identified by Gelfand et Al ( 1993 ) . These include gender torment. unwanted sexual attending and sexual bullying. each of these consists of a assortment of verbal and gestural behaviours. Gender torment involves behaviours that by and large ensue in handover aggressive and mortifying attitudes about adult females such as gender favoritism. Unwanted sexual attending consists of behaviours that are more widely recognized as hassling such as repeated efforts to set up a romantic relationship after refusal ; unwanted touching ; and sexual infliction or assault. Sexual bullying. the least common. yet most universally recognized type of torment. involves menaces for sexual cooperation. â€Å"Not merely is sex torment against the jurisprudence. but so is revenging against person for kicking about sexual torment or for take parting in an probe of sexual torment said ( EEOC. 2011 ) . † How does the jurisprudence trade with sexual torment?Well in the United States. the thought of workplace sexual torment was foremost developed as a legal construct and so as a construct through empirical observation studied by societal and behavioural scientists. In the US. workplace sexual torment is considered a signifier of gender-based favoritism under Federal Law. In 1980. the US Equal Employment Opportunity Commission issued a set of guidelines that have become the corner shop of legal and policy definitions of sexual torment throughout the United States. The guidelines describe two general types of sexual torment. The first 1 is called â€Å"Hostile work environment† and it happens where the ambiance of the workplace is made hostile by sexual torment. Hostile environment torment gaining controls those activities. such as sexual gags. remarks. and touching. that interfere with an individual’s ability to make her/his occupation or that create an intimidating. hostile or violative working environment. The second is called â€Å"Quid Pro Quo Sexual Harassment† . this type of torment involves sexual menaces or corruptness that made a status of employment or used as the footing for employment determinations ( Welsh 2002 ) . How to forestall sexual torment?Well the organisation and the direction in the workplace play a really of import function in the bar of sexual torment. In the event that sexual torment occurs in the workplace. the employer most assume liability for the hostile environment sexual torment if the undermentioned conditions are met: the employer has cognition of the unwanted behavior. the employer is in a place to command the disconcerting behavior and if the employer fails to take immediate and appropriate action. The employer has a large duty in forestalling sexual torment in the workplace. For them to response rapidly and efficaciously. there must be a strong policy that will take at the bar of torment before it really happens. If sexual torment occur. the employer is besides responsible for moving on ailments in a timely and just mode. Each and every charge of sexual torment. regardless of how undistinguished. must be taken earnestly by the direction of an organisation. The EEOC encourages employers to take effectual preventative action to deter sexual torment. Harmonizing to its â€Å"Policy Guidance Memorandum† ( 1988 ) . an effectual preventative plan should include fast bars against sexual torment that are clearly and on a regular basis communicated to employees and efficaciously implemented. There should besides be internal processs for having. and deciding sexual torment claims. This means that it is in the best involvement of the organisation to develop a sexual torment policy ( Robinson et al 1993 ) . In decision. sexual torment should non be tolerated by anyone. The minute an person is been a victim of sexual torment. jurisprudence enforcement must be inform. It might be hard to come up with grounds but the jurisprudence will ever ticket the truth. No person should hold to endure in a hostile work environment ; a workplace should be comfy every twenty-four hours and non a painful environment. Mentions Dansky. B. S. . and Kilpatrick. D. G. ( 1997 ) . Consequence of Sexual Harassment. In O’Donohue. W. T. ( ed. ) . Sexual Harassment: Theory. Research and Treatment. Allyn and Bacon. pp. 152-174 EEOC. ( 2011 ) . Retrieved from web site: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. eeoc. gov/laws/types/sexual_harassment. cfm Gelfand. M. J.Fitzgerald. L. F. . and Drasgow. F. ( 1993 ) . The Structure of Sexual Harassment: A Confirmatory Analysis across civilizations and scenes. Under reappraisal. Gutek. B. A. ( 1985 ) . Sexual activity and the Workplace. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Gruber. J. E. ( 1997 ) . An Epidemiology of Sexual Harassment: Evidence from North American and Europe. In O’Donohue. W. ( ed. ) . Sexual Harassment. Allyn and Bacon. pp. 152-174 Robinson. R. K. . Allen. B. K. . Franklin. G. M. and Duhon. D. L. ( 1993 ) . Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: A Review of the Legal Rights and Responsibilities of All Parties. Public Personal Manegment. 22 ( 1 ) : 123 Welsh. S. ( 2002 ) . Gender and Sexual Harassment. Annual Review of Sociology. 169.

Syria and the Revolution

Introduction The Arab wave of unrest began in Tunisia in December 2010, and led to the ousting of Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, who had ruled the country for 23 years. The revolution in this small North African country was characterized by demonstrations and riots, which were quelled violently by the police and other state security agencies (Barnard and Cowell 2).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Syria and the Revolution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, the protestors relentlessly pursued their course and on 14th January 2011, 28 days after, the president resigned and fled to Saudi Arabia. This revolution was replicated in Egypt on 25th January 2011 and on February 11 2011; Hosni Mubarak resigned, ending his 30 years reign over the country. The wave of Arab revolution hit Syria on 15th march 2011 (Barnard and Cowell 2). It all started in a small southern city, whose residents held street protests after student s who had displayed anti-government graffiti were tortured. The government used extreme force on the protestors and the demonstrations spread rapidly to various other parts of the country. The confrontations between protestors and government security agencies have left several people dead and injured and are threatening to escalate into a civil war. President Bashar al-Assad and members of his family continue holding onto power despite the international and internal pressure to end violence against civilians and allow political change (Barnard and Cowell 2) Background Information on Revolution Syria has a population of about 21 million people and is under the authoritarian rule headed by President Bashar al-Assad. The constitution authorizes supremacy of leaders from the Ba’ath Party in the society and state institutions (Sharp 1). Party members and President Assad’s family dominate the three arms of the government. Syria has had a state of emergency since 1963, which grants security agencies enormous power of suppressing any opposition (Sharp 1).Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The political and socio-economic conditions in Syria have led to deep discontent with the status quo that has contributed to the high inflation and unemployment rates, minimum political freedom, suppressive security forces and rampant corruption. Although protests started in a smaller marginalized town, their intensity has been more in larger cities of Aleppo and Damascus. This is a clear indication that people in larger towns are more opposed to Assad’s regime as they experience the problems mentioned above firsthand (Sharp 2). Key Players in the Revolution Opposition Groups and Demonstrators Most demonstrators are politically conversant and frustrated males between the ages of 20 to 40 years (Ecoi.Net par. 4). Although the Syrian opposition groups have become more or ganized during the revolution, they still remain largely divided over leadership, coordination, tactics and strategy. The Local Coordinating Councils present in many regions, played a vital role during the protest stage of the revolution as it linked activists from all over the country using informal networks (Sharp 3). Armed activists from Syria and other neighboring countries joined in the foray, as the unrest moved to greater heights of confrontations and violence. Some of the major opposition groups currently involved in the conflict are discussed below; The Free Syrian Army (FSA)-This group is made up of dissident military officers and personnel who defected from the government. They are armed and mainly attack government troops. The group is made up of individual security personnel, who defied orders to ruthlessly attack civilian protestors. Earlier this year, the FSA swore to put more effort in dealing with government troops that were using excessive force on civilians. FSA threatened to attack more military security centers, because they were used by the government in attacking and suppressing the Syrian people (Sharp 3). The Syrian National Council (SNC) – This group that was formed in October 2011 in Turkey is made up of external activists. The group wants the government to call off the crackdown on protestors and protect civilians (Sharp 3). The National Coordination Commission of the Forces of Democratic Change (NCC) – This is an alliance of leftist groups based in Syria and Kurdish activists. The group is against any civilian protection that involves external militaries and is willing to dialogue with the government, as long ruthless attacks on protestors cease (Sharp 3). These oppositions groups justify that they have resulted into using force to repress the excessive violent tactics used by the government security agencies to quell the riots. Assad’s regime has condemned attacks on the police and military forces by these o pposition groups that have been termed as terrorist groups. The ethnic divisions in Syria further complicate the conflict since the county’s elite and Assad’s family belong to the minority Alawite faction, in this largely Sunni country (Sharp 4).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Syria and the Revolution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Government Forces Assad’s regime has dealt ruthlessly with popular protests and opposition. Security forces and the military have been used in suppressing peaceful protests across the country. The Shabbiha or the Alawite civilian militia has been used by Assad’s regime to mete out violence on innocent civilians. One year since the revolution began; the government forces have continued to viciously crash any opposition (Sharp 5). In March 2012, the government unleashed bloody attacks on insurgents’ strongholds of Idlib and Homs. According to United Nations, more than 9,000 Syrians have lost their lives and thousands have been displaced since March 2011, when the unrest began (Sharp 5). Assad’s Reaction to the Revolution President al-Assad announced some reforms as a result of criticism from international communities and growing protests. He also gave amnesty to various groups of prisoners and some were freed. Assad also passed orders permitting peaceful demonstrations under certain situations and allowed the legal registration of other political parties apart from Ba’ath. He also lifted the state of emergency that had been in place for 48 years. On December 19th 2011, Assad’s government opened a national dialogue aimed at creating a multiparty democracy. However, opposition leaders in the country boycotted this event. Recently, Assad’s government called for a referendum on the new constitution on 26 February 2012 (Ecoi.Net par. 9). This new constitution stipulates that it will end Ba’ath par ty supremacy, but bestows most of the powers on Bashar al-Assad. According to Syrian state television, 89 percent of Syrians supported the new constitution in the referendum. The West and opposition activists shunned these results, as they saw this as a new strategy by Asad to hold unto power.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Violation of Human Rights During the revolution, numerous abuses of human rights have been witnessed. Apart from the extensive systematic attacks on the civilian population organized and executed by state security forces, deaths in custody have also been reported. According to Amnesty International, 88 deaths have occurred in state custodies between April 1st and August 15th 2011. It is also estimated that not less than 190 people including children, have died while in custody (Ecoi.Net par. 10). Violation of human rights has also been witnessed in state hospitals where injured people are taken for treatment. People injured during demonstrations have reportedly been physically and verbally abused by the medical staff and sometimes deprived of medical care. People taken to hospitals have also been detained and arrested by security forces (Ecoi.Net par. 13) Vocal Syrian activists living abroad have not been spared either, as they are systematically harassed by embassy officials. Their families in Syria have been constantly harassed and intimidated by government authorities. The Syrian security has tortured and captured children during the one year of uprising. Some children have been shot in the streets or at home, while others have been captured and kept in inhumane environments. Schools have been used as military barracks, bases, sniper posts or detention centers. (Ecoi.Net par.143) International Response to Revolution Although condemnation for Assad’s regime has been wide from all corners of the world, most external players have failed in their efforts to stop the bloodshed. The Arab League expelled Syria from its council after it violated a peace plan that pledged to allow peaceful protests by pulling out the army from the streets. Assad’s government never honored the promise, but instead intensified the crack down on protesters. On 19th December 2011, the government agreed to fully cooperate with the Arab League by allowing an observer mission into the country (Ecoi.Net par. 15). The leagues presence did not improve the situation, as the government forces continued meting out violence on protesters (Ecoi.Net par. 25). The Arab league also formulated a transition plan that was presented to the United Nations Security Council. This plan was vetoed by China and Russia, who are permanent members of the Security Council. The international community opposing Assad’s regime can only undertake a collective action with the assistance of Syrian people, since the UN backed mandate failed. The EU and the US as well as the Arab league placed economic sanctions on Syria. It also put an embargo on exportation of weapons to the country and banned it member states from purchasing oil from Syria. The EU also banned the delivery of bank notes to the central bank of Syria and prohibited the trade of precious metals and gold with the state (Ecoi.Net par. 21). The EU also banned cargo flights from the country. The US has frozen all Syr ian government assets that are within its jurisdiction and banned US residents from performing any transactions with blacklisted individuals within the Syrian government. Turkey and Arab league have also followed suit and banned any transactions with Assad’s government. Assad’s government has found allies, with Russia sending a shipment of arms for the Syrian troops. Iran is another close ally that has sent cash, arms and advisors to Syria. It also assists Syria in exporting its oil abroad. Hezbollah from Lebanon has also declared its support for Assad’s regime. Conclusion President Assad is using the massive firepower to hold unto power and prevent the opposition from seizing power in any region. Assad’s strategy to hold on to power involves using ruthless crackdowns on opposition, thus preventing them from forming an effective, cohesive leadership. However, the protests threaten to escalate into a full civil war with tension already spilling over to oth er regions such as Jordan, turkey, Iraq and Lebanon (Barnard and Cowell 2). The latest efforts to end the one year bloody revolution are through a plan formulated by Kofi Annan, the former UN secretary. The plan proposes six points that will be used in ending the violence in Syria. These include; releasing prisoners, allowing journalists’ access, permitting free movement, withdrawing heavy troops and weapons from civilian centers and allowing humanitarian assistance. Assad has warmed up to this plan as well as the Arab League, which has dropped its initial demands for the president to step down (Siddique and Whitaker 10). Works Cited Barnard, Anne Alan Cowell. â€Å"Syria.† The New York Times 29 March, 2012, late ed.: F1, F9. Ecoi.Net. 2012. The 2011-2012 political unrest in Syria. Web. Sharp, Jeremy. 2012. Unrest in Syria and U.S. Sanctions Against the Asad Regime. PDF file. Web. Siddique, Haroon Brian Whitaker. â€Å"Syria Accepts Annan Peace Plan.† The Guar dian 27 March 2012, early ed.: F10, F13. This essay on Syria and the Revolution was written and submitted by user H0ly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sociological research methods questionnaires Essays

Sociological research methods questionnaires Essays Sociological research methods questionnaires Paper Sociological research methods questionnaires Paper Using questionnaires is favoured by positivists as they produce results that can be easily generalised, are highly reliable and largely representable of the studied subjects. This also means that interpretivists dislike this method as the results are not personal and have very little depth to them. There are strengths and weaknesses to both arguments. An advantage of questionnaires is that they are cheap and fast to produce, this means that they can be produced on mass to produce more reliable results. Answers in questionnaires are easily comparable with standardised and close ended questions and could produce representative, qualitative data that is also easily replicable. This means that sociologists are able to make links and comparisons in society in different areas and during different time periods. If a large number of questionnaires are sent out they should produce representative results with a better chance of being truly accurate. Connor and Dewson send out nearly 4000 surveys to 14 higher education institutes around the country which resulted in a large sample size. This method is also favoured more for purposed of educational attitudes than others such as participant observations, which is used to study small groups and produce valid qualitative data. A researcher’s hypothesis should be proven or proven wrong with the results of the questionnaire but this may lead the researcher to produce leading questions, the parent, in this instance, may then try to please or attempt to second guess the researchers aims, leading to further invalid results. Statements can then be produced from the questionnaires which will either prove or disprove the hypothesis, and a ‘cause-and-effect’ relationship can be gathered from relevant information and variables. Questionnaires also raise very few ethical problems even though they ask sensitive and intrusive questions as people are generally under no pressure to answer them and can skip questions if they choose to. This method produces unbiased results making them objective. Practical problems include a low response rate as not all those that the survey is sent to will respond and end it back as they may think it is pointless, however the response rate is likely to be higher when considering questionnaires linked to education as most parents will assume that filling in the forms will benefit their child, as stated in item A, especially if the forms are from the school. However, this information is confidential, making it harder for a sociologist to acquire a reasonable and accurate sampling frame. Also, parents may lie or answer incorrectly due to ‘right answerism’ when completing the questionnaire as they don’t want to be seen to be bad parents. It would be easier for them to lie by postal questionnaire, however if the questionnaire was done face to face their body language could be analysed. The response rate may also be raised if there is an incentive offered such as a prize or money. Questionnaires are also quite inflexible as if closed questions are used they are set for all potential respondents. This means that if they do not understand the question or wish to add more information they will be unable to do so. In other methods such as unstructured interviews any area can be explored in-depth as it is much more flexible, the weakness to this method is that irrelevant issues which take up time. Questionnaires also only give a small snap shop of the whole picture and so may not consider outside factors that affect a pupil such as their peer group, ethnicity or class. Therefore, this may not represent all parents’ attitudes to their children’s schooling as a whole as the picture is not totally valid. Sociologists that take an interpretivist approach such as Aaron Cicourel (1968) argue that questionnaires are too detached and so lack validity. They would argue that only methods that allow the researcher to get close to the subjects they are studying should be used so that the researcher can relate and understand the answers more clearly. Without this contact it can be argued that may be misunderstanding that cannot be clarified as there is no way of knowing if the researcher and respondent are interpreting the questions in the same way. In conclusion, questionnaires are a good way to get quick results at a low cost and can produce reliable, quantitative results if the right questions are asked. However, other methods should also be used as well as questionnaires to get a clearer and more precise picture of how parents’ attitudes are towards their child’s education.

Voice of america Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Voice of america - Essay Example VOA is amongst the five international broadcasters of the US that are civilian are function directly under the supervision of Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG). The programs by VOA are offered in some 44 languages on all sorts of mediums including Internet, TV and radio. Number of languages broadcast in TV out of these 44 languages is 26. There are distinct websites for the different language services of VOA and they make use of a whole range of social media websites including Youtube, Facebook and Orkut to approach the audience and share views with them. Contents of the programs broadcast include but are not limited to culture, news, education, live calls and discussions. Every week, 1500 hours of news are produced by VOA that cater for the concerns of some 123 million people all over the world. Facilities of VOA include 33 studios for recording and production, 20 studios for the broadcast of radio, 32 suites for the editing of videos and 4 television studios. President Gerald Ford signed a law in 1976 according to which VOA should play the role of a consistently authoritative and reliable news channel. The news-center of VOA is spread over an area of 30000 sq. ft. Every day, as many as 150 news reports are generated by the news-center about different programs and in different languages. In addition to about 90 part-time reporters, VOA has 13 overseas and 48 domestic reporters. VOA’s system of integrated digital audio is the greatest of all across the globe. There are about 1180 employees of VOA. Many of them are quite aged and are likely to expire within the next decade. Most of them will be replaced by federal employees or contractors. The annual budget of VOA amounts to $207 million. Since the start of the 21st century, there has occurred a tenfold increase in the TV audience of VOA, of which 1/6th are English people. About 10 per cent of the total budget of VIA is spent upon the internet. Number of visits made in

Consumer Borrowing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Consumer Borrowing - Essay Example On the other hand, there are users whose spending needs exceed their current income levels so they have a deficit. Therefore, they require additional funds to make up the difference. These funds can be trasferred from suppliers to demanders of money in two ways. First is through Financial institutions that are of two types including depository insitutions such as commercial banks, saving and credit unions (also known as financial intermediaries) and non-depository instituions such as life insurance companies, pension funds and finance companies. Depository institutions especially banks accept deposits from savers (lenders) of money that they can withdraw on demand. They pool customer deposits and use these funds to make loans or investments to demanders or borrowers of money (consumers and businesses). These institutions make money because of interests rate that they charge from demanders, which is higher than what they to pay to savers or depositors of money. On the other hand, non-depositry institutions such as insurance companies accept business risks of their customers in return for a series of payments called premiums. They then invest their excessive funds after meeting their operating expenses (insurance claims, salaries etc). Finance companies offer short-term loans to borrowers. They usually sell securities or borrow funds from commercial banks therefore they tend to charge higher interest rates as compared to banks. Second is through financial markets where people and organizations wanting to borrow money are brought together with those having surplus funds. Financial markets are primarily divided into primary and secondary markets. Primary market are those in which corporations raise funds by issuing new securities. In Secondary markets, on the other hand, previously issued securities such as mortgages, bonds and stocks are traded among investors. Stock exchanges are perhaps the best example of these type of markets.

Chalk Dust, Cinnamon Spice and Coffee Ground as Insect Repellants Essay Example for Free

Chalk Dust, Cinnamon Spice and Coffee Ground as Insect Repellants Essay BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY: There are several household problems we and our helpers encounter at home. These may be issues regarding food supply and storage, cleanliness and sanitation. One of the most common problems is the presence of household ants, especially the red ones, causing a disturbance in our own system of food storage. Red household ants do not only infest stored food in the kitchen but also bite our skin and destroy well- landscaped gardens by building ant hills. Because of this observation, we decided on conducting a study that would eliminate ants with the use of alternative substances that can also be found at home. With this study, we will not only discover other uses and benefits of household waste products but also provide new ways of promoting clean and sanitized homes by eliminating insects. Once proven effective, chalk dust which is one waste product in the classroom, will also be of good use at home. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to find more possible uses of household waste products aside from remaining as garbage such as coffee grounds, and discover further and effective use of chalk dust. Also, we aim to eliminate household insect especially ants that would cause a nuisance in our kitchen. DEFINITION OF TERMS: Talcum Powder- an ingredient in both chalk and baby powder, and is a natural ant repellant. Brewed Coffee- coffee produced from a process with the use of coffee maker wherein hot water drips onto coffee grounds held in a coffee filter made of paper, plastic, or perforated metal, allowing the water to seep through the ground coffee while extracting its oils and essences. The liquid drips through the coffee and the filter into a carafe or pot, and the spent grounds are retained in the filter. Coffee ground- is the used bitter powdered coffee that remains in a pot or coffee-maker after brewing your  coffee. HYPOTHESIS: All three substances tested will give significant results in repelling ants. VARIABLES: INDEPENDENT| CONTROLLED| * 50 grams of coffee ground * 50 grams of cinnamon spice * 50 grams of chalk dust| * Similar area where the three experiments will be conducted, same length * The same ant pathway where the substances will be placed * 1-3 tbsp. of sugar | Resulting Variable: Time it takes for the ants to move away from the repellants CHAPTER II RELATED LITERATURE Ant and Its Symbolism â€Å"Chinese consider and identified ant as the â€Å"righteous insect† and attribute orderliness, virtue and patriotism. On the other hand, Muslims consider the ant as the earthly teacher of Solomon and an embodiment of wisdom.† (Retrieved from http://sherryandrea.com/ant-symbolism-and-meaning/) http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/1570-ant-in-jewish-literature-the: â€Å"In the Old Testament, the Ant is referred to as some harvesting species which are to this day found in Syria and all around the Mediterranean basin. These species wherever they are found, as the latest investigations of naturalists have proved, lay up stores for the winter. In the Tamuldic Literature, The ant was mentioned being experimented by Simon ben Halafta to ascertain whether they inhabit without a ruler. Also, it was mentioned that ants procure food. There were also statements in the Book of Proverbs where it is pointed out that the wisdom of the Creator is manifested in the fitness of the body and wonderful life of the Ant.† â€Å"From a purely scientific point of view, the Ant is treated by Gershon ben  Solomon, in his work, â€Å"Sha’ar ha-Shamayim.† The Ant, he says, gathers its wheat in the harvest, biting off the germs of the grains in order to prevent them from sprouting and thus preserving them from rotting- a fact verified by recent observation. The Ant, he says further, is proportionately the strongest of all creatures, being able to carry from two to four times its own weight. Moreover, it can move both ways, forward and backward.† History of Brewing Coffee In the early history of coffee, the coffee beans were dried and eaten. By the 16th century, coffee was roasted before being ground and boiled in water. The entire resulting mixture of liquid and grounds would be consumed. The invention of the Ibrik (A small pot used in brewing and serving Turkish coffee that was invented in the late 16th century.) allowed for a more skillful technique of brewing. In the 18th century, the French developed the drip brewing technique wherein coffee is produced by using a cloth bag as a filter to separate grounds from the liquid coffee. This technique allowed for steeping the coffee at a lower temperature as it was not brewed while constantly adding heat. (Retrieved from http://coffee.wikia.com/wiki/Brewing) Chalk in Prehistoric Times As found in nature, chalk has been used for drawing since prehistoric times, when, according to archaeologists, it helped to create some of the earliest cave drawings. Later, artists of different countries and styles used chalk mainly for sketches, and some such drawings, protected with shellac or a similar substance, have survived. Chalk was first formed into sticks for the convenience of artists. The method was to grind natural chalk to a fine powder, then add water, clay as a binder, and various dry colors. The resultant putty was then rolled into cylinders and dried. Although impurities produce natural chalk in many colors, when artists made their own chalk they usually added pigments to render these colors more vivid. Carbon, for example, was used to enhance black, and ferric oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) created a more vivid red. CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY 1. Gather the variables needed. You can find cinnamon spice in your kitchen. If not, you may use any spice available (e.g. pepper, black pepper, garlic). Collect coffee grounds after brewing coffee with the use of a coffee maker. Collect chalk dust from other classrooms. Measure the quantity and make sure that each one reaches the same amount- 50 grams. 2. Choose an area at home where you can find an ants’ pathway and measure its length. This will also be one of the controlled variables in the experiment. 3. Make sure that there are ants present. If none, place a few pinches of sugar or food crumbs to attract the ants. 4. Once the ants are present, choose among the three substances to be placed first along the path and put it evenly making a thin line. 5. Record the time it takes for the ants to leave the place. 6. Repeat steps three to five with the use of the other two substances and record the results on the Table of Data and Observation below. You may also take pictures du ring the experiment.

Scene Analysis of Alfred Hitchcock’s Film Shadow of a Doubt Essay examp

Scene Analysis of Alfred Hitchcock’s Film Shadow of a Doubt Alfred Hitchcock’s film Shadow of a Doubt is a true masterpiece. Hitchcock brings the perfect mix of horror, suspense, and drama to a small American town. One of the scenes that exemplifies his masterful style takes place in a bar between the two main characters, Charlie Newton and her uncle Charlie. Hitchcock was quoted as saying that Shadow of a Doubt, â€Å"brought murder and violence back in the home, where it rightly belongs.† This quote, although humorous, reaffirms the main theme of the film: we find evil in the places we least expect it. Through careful analysis of the bar scene, we see how Hitchcock underlies and reinforces this theme through the setting, camera angles, and lighting. One of the most important elements of this scene, which can be overlooked, is the setting. An unpleasant confrontation between the protagonist and antagonist takes place inside a bar of all places. This scene is crucial because it is the first time we are completely taken into Uncle Charlie’s world. The bar acts as a liminal space for the audience to enter into his personality. It is also the first time the two main characters have a confrontation about Uncle Charlie's dark life. It should be noted that until this point most of the scenes between the Charlies have been in domestic and safe places. The bar is a complete contrast to Santa Rosa’s all-American values and standards. The director most likely set this conversation in a bar because of the negative connotations that are associated with such a place, which perfectly match the personality of Uncle Charlie. The setting also underlies the menacing nature of the conversation between the Charlies. Just as the setting is importan... ...ing Charlie's close-ups portrays a delicate glowing face, which appears frightened and angelic, an obvious contrast to the shadowy right side of her Uncle's face. The lighting scheme on the Uncle's face is a classic cinematic device revealing the duality of his personality. And again we are brought back to duality, one of the most popular themes among this director's films. Through his choice of setting, camera angles and lighting, Hitchcock makes the conversation at the bar a pivotal scene. The audience and young Charlie are finally brought into Uncle Charlie’s world. This scene’s contrast to the stereotypical American town is what makes this scene so important. Even though Uncle Charlie was able to conceal his true self from most of Santa Rosa, a few people saw him for what he really was. Just like there is a bar in every American town, there is evil as well.

Autism a Communication and Social Disorder

Autism is a brain disorder that is characterized by impaired social interaction and delayed communication skills. (Segal, 1996) Children with Autism show signs of delay in the first two years of life. Many times parents notice that their child demonstrates repetitive behaviors, or likes to spin objects, line things up or has an affinity for sameness. Some children with Autism have difficulty with transitions from one activity to another and are not able to regulate their senses. The range of these behaviors varies and that is why Autism is called a spectrum disorder. Many times, children will exhibit one or several of the symptoms. Children who exhibit fewer symptoms are diagnosed with PDD or Pervasive Developmental Delay, while children who have many of the symptoms are termed Autistic. There is recent research that shows that autism may be caused by genetics which are related to how the brain develops in early childhood. In the article, Autism and Brain development, Nancy Shute reports that some kind of mutations of genes that are important to language development may be the cause of autism in some children. Daniel Geschwind is researching the fact that these genes are sometimes turned on or off depending on the brains experiences. † (Shute). There is also a chance that â€Å"structural damage will be found, and this damage could be anything from microscopic to the grossly visible, from faults inside nerve cells to faulty development of whole cell systems. † (Frith) The causes of Autism are still being explored, but the more important thing is how people are diagnosed and treated for it. The symptoms of Autism are variable, and usually different in each child. Delay of language development, lack of social skills and lack of eye contact are a few of the symptoms. Because there is a range in the severity of the symptoms the diagnosis and treatment of autism varies and is an interesting process. The diagnosis of autism is based on a behavioral check list. â€Å"Because a diagnosis is a label or shorthand for treatment, it needs to correspond to the services to the child needs in the immediate future. † (Siegel) The parents, teachers, developmental pediatrician and sometimes other therapists all contribute to the assessment. The CHAT, Checklist of Autism in Toddlers is one way that pediatricians screen children under 2 years old for Autism. For children 4 years and older, a Social Communication Questionnaire is often used. These screenings rely on parent report and the observation of a diagnostic team. Then the child will be referred to a developmental pediatrician or a psychologist who is trained in diagnosis of Autism. There are several diagnostic tools, usually developmental checklists, and parent report along with a team of professionals who look at the behavioral symptoms that are characteristic of this disorder. The team of professionals who diagnosis autism typically include the parent, speech therapist, teacher, pediatrician and occupational therapist. The most widely used diagnostic tool for Autism is the ADOS, (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule). The North Bay Regional Center uses this to diagnose children with autism in this area. There are also other centers, the Mind Institute with is part of the University of Davis medical Center, where they focus only on diagnosis of Autism spectrum disorders. Bryna Siegel is a Psychologist who works at UCSF and has her own diagnostic clinic. Each case of autism has its own individual characteristics ranging between its cause, its diagnosis and the life long treatment. After being diagnosed, different therapy options are presented; PECS, play therapy and discrete trial are the three more commonly used treatments. What is best for children with Autism is an early diagnosis, and intensive speech and language therapy which includes the family. Dr. Stanly Greenspan has developed the â€Å"Floortime† approach to helping families learn to interact with their children. â€Å"Autism and ASD’s involve difficulties in relating forming relationships, communicating, and thinking. (Greenspan) Play therapy also gives parents a chance to learn to communicate nonverbally with their autistic child. One of the most effective styles of play therapy is called floor time. â€Å"In playing with their child, parents can help her develop her social skills and also connect with their child through this nonverbal style of communication. The floor time/play therapy that a speech therapist directs is used to â€Å"harness the child’s natural interests. † (Greenspan) in doing so they are able to â€Å"get a picture of what she finds enjoyable, what motivates her. (Greenspan) and is considered as the best method for supporting the language and social communication development of the child with autism. Speech therapy is one of the most important pieces of the team approach to help children with Autism develop social and communication skills. The goal of speech therapy in working with children with autism is to help the child communicate her needs and wants. A specific therapy program is individualized for each child. There are as many programs as there are children. There are a wide range of therapies that facilitate language development in children with Autism. Normally language and play go off one another when both are impaired; they are likely to mutually inhibit the development of the other. † (Siegel) While there are other therapies, play therapy is considered one of the most effective ways to understand nonverbal communication in autism. Children with Autism can benefit from play therapy. The therapy is based on the child’s own interests. Children with autism do not play with toys in a functional way. â€Å"One thing that is often different about the sensory development of autistic children is its repetitiveness. This is also referred to as perseveration. Instead of pulling a string or handle on a â€Å"speak and say† five or six times, the autistic of PDD child may engage in such an activity for 20 minutes without stopping. † (Siegle) Play therapy teaches the child to play with toys in ways that use imagination and are symbolic. And since imagination is obscured in autistic minds this is very important. Even though it may not be clear in a young child it can be observed in some situations such as a â€Å"Two year old autistic children (who) ‘play telephone’. They pick up the receiver and punch the buttons on the toy phone. Then they put the receiver down, less often will you see the autistic two year yammering, as if talking to someone. What is really never seen in the successive ‘calls’ – say to grandma, big bird, or the family dog. That type of elaboration on a toy thing is beyond the slope of imagination of most autistic children instead, the physical actions copied strictly from what has been observed in the past is playlalia. † (Siegle) Play and speech therapy, paired with pictures is one of the ways that speech therapists and parents encourage language. Often the child with Autism uses a picture to exchange for a desired item this is called PECS. This picture exchange system is important and can be used after observing and playing with the child to determine what toys the child is interested in. It is used as a stepping stone for communication with the outside world. The picture exchange system is a way for children with Autism to communicate using pictures. This is a good way for them to make their needs and wants met. Many children with autism have tantrums or do not want to cooperate with their teacher or parents. The best way to find out what a child with autism wants is to use this simple system. Since many people on the autism spectrum tend to learn visually, it makes good sense to communicate with images. Just as important, images are a universal means of communication – and they are just as understandable by strangers or young peers by parents or therapists. † (Rudy) When the parent knows what the child wants, they can use the picture of the desired item as a reinforcer to help the child cooperate with the parents directions. Sometimes the parent will offer the child two pictures as choices. Other times the parent can use the picture of an activity that needs to be accomplished and a picture of a desired item. Then the parent can say, first wash hands and then you can have bubbles. The child learns this routine and is able to communicate, and follow the parent’s directions. There is a more complex style of picture exchange system where the speech therapist starts with one item paired with an object. The speech therapist then asks the child â€Å"want cookie†, showing the child a picture of a cookie and the cookie. When the child understands that the picture represents the cookie then the child is ready to use the pictures for other choices. Later the child is using pictures to help form sentences. There are many ways that speech therapists use pictures to encourage language. Often the speech therapist works with the behaviorist to develop a system that will provide reinforcers for the child. These reinforcers help the child to stay motivated during therapy. The behavioral therapy or Discrete Trials therapy is often used along with speech therapy. â€Å"Discrete trial training is conducted using intensive drills of selected materials. A specific behavior is prompted or guided, and children receive reinforcement for proper responses. † (What is Discrete Trial Training? This is a program that teaches a child with autism specific information in small units which are less distracting for the child. Because children with autism are so distractible or may want to obsess on spinning or other behaviors, the discrete trial helps them to focus on learning vocabulary, names of animals, math and pre reading skills. The occupational therapist is also important to the treatment of children with Autism. This therapist often uses sensory integration techniques to help the child with Autism develop self regulation. Many of the children with autism have self stimulatory behaviors with are sometimes their way to regulate, their senses. These self stimulatory behaviors may not be as effective as the specific movement, vestibular, or deep pressure, proprioceptive, or sensory, touch and brushing that the occupational therapist uses. The parents of the child with autism are invited to observe what the therapist recommends, and then they can use many of the recommendations at home to help calm their child. Many children with autism are sensitive to loud noises, and are sometimes very sensitive to tags in the back of their shirts, or the seams on their socks. The book, â€Å"The Out of Sync Child† by Carol Stock Kranowitz, has many suggestions for children who are sensitive to noise, light, and touch. The research is clear that the first step is early intervention using a team approach early diagnosis and treatment specific to the individual child is the most helpful thing you can do. Although it takes patience and understanding (with the trial and error); with the numerous treatments available every child can be helped. The diagnosis is the first step, and when treatment is started early, the team approach is the beginning of optimal treatment for the child.

John F. Kennedy - The 35th President of America - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 958 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/05/05 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: John F Kennedy Essay Did you like this example? John F. Kennedy is the thirty-fifth president and was also an active advocate of civil rights in America. As one of the presidents in the U.S. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "John F. Kennedy The 35th President of America" essay for you Create order history have been assassinated, John F. Kennedy is well known for many events such as Cuban Missile Crisis, the Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty, the Alliance for Progress and his own assassination. After President Kennedys assassination on November 22, 1963, Dallas people have faced troubles while traveling around the country for many years. Sometimes, because of their origin, people denied to service them. The book Dallas 1963 written by Bill Minutaglio and Steven L. Davis a mesmerizing piece of work about all the problems that go around that times. I will examine eight points based on the book Dallas 1963. Dallas, Texas was founded in 1841 has become one of the largest metropolitan areas in the Southern United States. However, back in the 1960s, Dallas is not as open as it is today. During this time, Dallas was full of racism and there are many combining angry forces in Dallas and throughout the South. The authorities such as governors, senators, even the mayors still rally to resist many things: the revolutionary integration edicts ordered by federal government, by the Supreme Court, by political forces in the North, and so on. Almost Dallas people are innocent and a bit of nave, hopeful, and ill-informed. They are looking for someone or something that will give them a purpose of life. The leadership in Dallas fear communism, civil rights, and particularly John F. Kennedy. Because to most of them, President Kennedy was viewed as a danger in the Southern of United States, not because he was potentially soft on communism but because of the civil rights issue. Most of Southerners in 1963 still belonged to Democratic Party. Therefore, the Dallas people in the opposition of President Kennedy. In fact, contradicted feelings toward him in Dallas and among southern white people generally. Martin Luther King was born and raised in an activist family. Therefore, his view about the society has a great influence from them. By 1960, the Civil Rights Movement had obtained strong momentum thorough the South. Martin Luther King Jr. employed nonviolent measures which helped African American activists win supporters across the country and throughout the world. Because the leadership in Dallas want to keep the same way as it was. They dont want equal between white and black men. They want more inferior the black people and MLK was stopping it from happening. He demands for equal rights between American people without distinguish their race or the color of their skin. Martin Luther King dedicated his life to make it easier for his people and many others, and he died because of that effort. As Holocaust survivors who immigrated to the United States after the war, many people in indignant about discrimination in this country. The sting of personal discrimination parallels disgust with segregation and institutionalized racism in the United States and motivates many people to work to end it. Some of them participated the Civil Rights movement, influenced by the fresh wound of the Holocaust, earlier pogroms, and everyday discrimination. Holocaust survivors fear the direction that Dallas was taking because Dallas in the position of hated and discriminate the holocaust. Dallas has many peculiar personalities that attracted many people. During the 1950s and 1960s, Dallas became one of the third largest technology centers. Which grew into the Dallas Market, the largest wholesale trade complex in the world. It is the place of job opportunities and evolution, especially in the metro industry. Dallas was also the top job generator in the country. There were about three hundred thousand people from different states that migrated here every year. The President described his visit to Dallas as a visit to the nut country. The President was aware of the people in Dallas and its leadership and in particular the hostility that they harbored against him. He knew that they were capable of anything given the fact that the city was taking a direction that was so different from the rest of the country. The city was also corrupt and divided and to a point referring to it as nut country was rather accurate as it denoted crazy. Crazy Town would be a perfect respond for Kennedys saying. It would be accurate to state that Dallas was indeed responsible for the assassination of President John F Kennedy. The president was shot in Dallas by Lee Harvey Oswald but the city in itself was so poisonous and resentful against the president that collectively it can be stated that it was responsible for the assassination. Societal attitudes in Dallas back in the 1960s is the opposition of Kennedys presidency. Because he supported the Civil Rights movement alongside with Martin Luther King. Dallas, Texas has always been a conservative city and was against the Civil Rights movement. They show their hated and protest against the Civil Rights movement. In the 1960s, we start to see it shift towards being a progressive and desegregated area. Time changes, societal attitudes also change. Dallas is not as it used to be anymore. The people became more and more innovative thinkers than ever before. Not only in Dallas but also in the United States as well. Dallas has made a start and there is a challenge to keep moving forward. In conclusion, there are many reasons and theories that go around President Kennedys assassination and why Dallas dislike him so much. Based on the book Dallas 1963, eight points of view that are presented explain those reasons. Overall, President John F. Kennedy is a man that mean to be respected not only for his legacy but what his doing to make every American people live in equally and independently in society.